Fresh clashes erupted on Tuesday, December 2, 2025, between the M23 rebel movement and Congolese government troops backed by coalition forces, intensifying instability across South Kivu province in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
Heavy fighting was reported in Katogota-Luvungi, Kaziba-Haut Plateau, Tchivanga-Hombo, and Kasika-Mwenga, prompting widespread displacement as civilians fled to escape the escalating violence.
M23 leader Bertrand Bisimwa confirmed the confrontations, while the group’s spokesperson, Lawrence Kanyuka, accused government forces of carrying out attacks in heavily populated areas.
He warned that the security situation was deteriorating rapidly, with devastating impacts on local communities.
The renewed hostilities come just weeks after a peace framework was signed in Doha, Qatar, on November 8, 2025, aimed at paving the way for dialogue between M23 and the Congolese government.
However, both parties have continued to trade accusations over ceasefire violations, raising concerns about the viability of the agreement.
M23 retains control over large parts of North and South Kivu, including major cities such as Goma and Bukavu, as well as the strategic Goma and Kavumu airports.
The rebel group, revitalized in 2022 under the leadership of Bisimwa and Emmanuel Sultan Makenga, has repeatedly been accused by Kinshasa of receiving support from Rwanda—allegations denied by both Rwanda and the M23.
The rebels insist their struggle is aimed at confronting government corruption, discrimination, and xenophobia within the Congolese political system.
